1. Signed in 1960: The treaty was brokered by the World Bank and signed by Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistani President Ayub Khan to manage the Indus River system peacefully.
2. Division of Rivers:
- India has control over the eastern rivers: Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej.
- Pakistan has control over the western rivers: Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab.
3. Water Allocation: Pakistan receives about 80% of the total water flow from the Indus system, which is vital for its agriculture and economy.
4. Permanent Indus Commission: A commission was established to resolve disputes and ensure the treaty's implementation.
5. Hydropower and Storage: India can use the western rivers for limited purposes like irrigation and hydropower generation, with restrictions on storage capacity.
6. Key points of the Indus Water Treaty: The treaty was necessary due to tensions over water sharing after the partition of British India in 1947.
7. Longevity: Despite wars and conflicts, the treaty has been a rare example of cooperation between India and Pakistan.